మూస:Infobox lead

సీసము, ₀₀Pb
సీసము
Pronunciation	/ˈlɛd/ (led)
Appearance	metallic gray
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Pb)
	[206.14, 207.94]; 207.2±1.1 (abridged);
సీసము in the periodic table
	థలియం ← సీసము → బిస్మత్
Group	మూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format
Period	period 6
Block	p-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	600.61 K (327.46 °C, 621.43 °F)
Boiling point	2022 K (1749 °C, 3180 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	11.34 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	10.66 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	4.77 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	179.5 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.650 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.87
Atomic radius	empirical: 175 pm
Covalent radius	146±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	202 pm
	Spectral lines of సీసము
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	(annealed); 1190 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	28.9 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	35.3 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	208 n Ω⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Young's modulus	16 GPa
Shear modulus	5.6 GPa
Bulk modulus	46 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.44
Mohs hardness	1.5
Brinell hardness	5.0 HB = 38.3 MPa
CAS Number	7439-92-1
History
Discovery	Middle Easterns (7000 BC)
Symbol	"Pb": from Latin plumbum
Isotopes of సీసము v; e;
	Template:infobox సీసము isotopes does not exist
	Category: సీసము; view; talk; edit; \| references

References

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Lead". CIAAW. 2020.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ Pb(0) carbonyls have been observered in reaction between lead atoms and carbon monoxide; see Ling, Jiang; Qiang, Xu (2005). "Observation of the lead carbonyls Pb_nCO (n=1–4): Reactions of lead atoms and small clusters with carbon monoxide in solid argon". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 122 (3): 034505. 122 (3): 34505. Bibcode:2005JChPh.122c4505J. doi:10.1063/1.1834915. ISSN 0021-9606. PMID 15740207.

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Lead". CIAAW. 2020.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[3] Pb(0) carbonyls have been observered in reaction between lead atoms and carbon monoxide; see Ling, Jiang; Qiang, Xu (2005). "Observation of the lead carbonyls Pb_nCO (n=1–4): Reactions of lead atoms and small clusters with carbon monoxide in solid argon". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 122 (3): 034505. 122 (3): 34505. Bibcode:2005JChPh.122c4505J. doi:10.1063/1.1834915. ISSN 0021-9606. PMID 15740207.

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