ఓషియానియాలోని ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశాల జాబితా

వికీపీడియా నుండి
Jump to navigation Jump to search
కాకడు జాతీయ ఉద్యానవనం (ఇది ఓషియానియా లోని ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశాలుగా లిఖించబడిన మొదటి ప్రదేశాలలో ఒకటి)

ఓషియానియాలోని ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశాల జాబితా, ఇది ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశం, యునెస్కోచే చేయబడిన ప్రదేశాలు లేదా ప్రాంతాల జాబితా. ఇది మానవాళి ఉమ్మడి వారసత్వానికి అత్యుత్తమ సాంస్కృతిక లేదా సహజ విలువను కలిగి ఉంటుంది. [1] ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశ గుర్తింపు సంఘం ఓషియానియాలో 37 ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశాలను గుర్తించింది. ఇవి 14 దేశాలలో ఉన్నాయి, వీటిలో ఎక్కువ ప్రదేశాలు ఆస్ట్రేలియాలో ఉన్నాయి. ఈ ప్రాంతం నుండి 1981లో గ్రేట్ బారియర్ రీఫ్, కాకడు జాతీయ ఉద్యానవనం, విల్లాండ్రా సరస్సులు ప్రాంతాలతో మొదటి మూడు శాసనాలు జాబితా సృష్టించిన మూడు సంవత్సరాల తర్వాత [2] ఈ ప్రాంతంలో ఫీనిక్స్ దీవులు రక్షిత ప్రాంతం, పాపహానౌమోకుకియా, గ్రేట్ బారియర్ రీఫ్ అనే వాటిని ప్రపంచంలోని మూడు అతిపెద్ద ప్రదేశాలగా గుర్తించింది. [3] [4] అదనంగా, తాస్మానియన్ వైల్డర్‌నెస్ అనేది ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ జాబితా కోసం పది ప్రమాణాలలో ఏడు ప్రమాణాలకు అనుగుణంగా ఉన్న రెండు ప్రదేశాలలో ఒకటిగా గుర్తించబడింది (చైనాలోని మౌంట్ తాయ్ మరొకటి).

ప్రతి సంవత్సరం, ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశ గుర్తింపు సంఘం కొత్త ప్రదేశాలను జాబితాలో చేర్చవచ్చు లేదా ఇకపై ప్రమాణాలకు అనుగుణంగా లేని ప్రదేశాలను తొలగించటానికి అధికారం కలిగి ఉంటుంది. ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశంగాఎంపిక చేయుటకు పది ప్రమాణాలపై ఆధారపడి ఉంటుంది. ఆరు సాంస్కృతిక వారసత్వం (i – vi), నాలుగు సహజ వారసత్వం (vii – x). కొన్ని ప్రదేశాలు లేదా ప్రాంతాలు నియమించబడిన మిశ్రమ ప్రదేశాలు, సాంస్కృతిక, సహజ వారసత్వాన్ని సూచిస్తాయి. ఓషియానియాలో 11 సాంస్కృతిక, 19 సహజ, 7 మిశ్రమ ప్రదేశాలు ఉన్నాయి. [5] యునెస్కో ఒక ప్రదేశం ప్రమాదంలో ఉందని "ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ జాబితాలో ఒక ఆస్తిని లిఖించబడిన లక్షణాలకు ముప్పు కలిగించే పరిస్థితులు." [6] ఉన్నాయని కూడా పేర్కొనవచ్చు.[7] 2013లో కమిటీ ఈస్ట్ రెన్నెల్‌ను ప్రమాద పరిస్థితులలో ఉందని, సందర్శన కార్యకలాపాలు ప్రదేశం అత్యుత్తమ సార్వత్రిక విలువకు ముప్పు వాటిల్లిందని కమిటీ భావించి, ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ ప్రదేశాల జాబితాలో చేర్చింది.

అతి ప్రాచీనం

[మార్చు]

దిగువ జాబితా భౌగోళికంగా ఓషియానియాలో ఉన్న అన్ని ప్రదేశాలను కలిగి ఉంది. యునెస్కో గణాంక విభాగాలను సూచించకుండా తయారు చేయబడింది.[8] ఈ జాబితాలో రాష్ట్ర వివరం తెలపని అనేక ప్రదేశాలను కలిగి ఉంది. కానీ ప్రదేశం ఓషియానియాలో ఉంది. ఇందులో చిలీ (రాపా నుయ్ జాతీయ ఉద్యానవనం), ఫ్రాన్స్ (న్యూ కాలెడోనియా టపుటపుయాటియా మడుగులు), యునైటెడ్ కింగ్‌డమ్ (హెండర్సన్ ద్వీపం), యునైటెడ్ స్టేట్స్ (హవాయి వోల్కనోస్ జాతీయ ఉద్యానవనం, పాపహానౌమోకుకియా) చెందిన ప్రదేశాలు ఉన్నాయి.

  • సైట్ - వరల్డ్ హెరిటేజ్ కమిటీ అధికారిక హోదా పేరు పెట్టబడింది. [5]
  • స్థానం - దేశం వారీగా క్రమబద్ధీకరించబడింది. తర్వాత ప్రాంతీయ లేదా ప్రాంతీయ స్థాయిలో ప్రాంతం వారిగా వివరించబడింది. బహుళజాతి లేదా బహుళ-ప్రాంతీయ ప్రదేశాల విషయంలో, పేర్లు అక్షర క్రమంలో క్రమబద్ధీకరించబడ్డాయి.
  • ప్రమాణాలు - ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ కమిటీ నిర్వచించిన విధంగా. [1]
  • విస్తీర్ణం - ఏదైనా బఫర్ జోన్‌లను మినహాయించి హెక్టార్లు, ఎకరాలలో. సున్నా విలువ యునెస్కో ద్వారా ఎటువంటి డేటాను ప్రచురించలేదని సూచిస్తుంది.
  • సంవత్సరం - ఈ సమయంలో ప్రదేశం ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ జాబితాకు లిఖించబడింది.
  • వివరణ - ప్రదేశం గురించి సంక్షిప్త సమాచారం. ఈ జాబితాలోని ప్రదేశాలు ఏవీ అంతరించిపోతున్నట్లు వర్గీకరించలేదు. [9]

సైట్స్

[మార్చు]
వ.సంఖ్య సైట్ బొమ్మ స్థానం ప్రామాణికం విస్తీర్ణం హెక్టార్లులలో (ఎకరాలు)
 సంవత్సరం వివరణ
1 ఆస్ట్రేలియన్ కన్విక్ట సైట్లు Photo of the main penitentiary building, partially ruined and hollowed out, with thickly forested hills in background ఆస్ట్రేలియాన్యూ సౌత్ వేల్స్,
నార్ఫోక్ ద్వీప,
టాస్మానియా
పశ్చిమ ఆస్ట్రేలియా,న్యూ సౌత్ వేల్స్,నార్ఫోక్ ద్వీపం,

టాస్మానియా

పశ్చిమ ఆస్ట్రేలియా,న్యూ సౌత్ వేల్స్,

నార్ఫోక్ ద్వీపం,

టాస్మానియా

పశ్చిమ ఆస్ట్రేలియా,
 Australia
33°22′42″S 150°59′40″E / 33.378333°S 150.994444°E / -33.378333; 150.994444 (Australian Convict Sites)

సాంస్కృతిక:

(iv), (vi)

1,503 (3,710) 2010 ఆస్ట్రేలియాలో 3000 పైగా కన్విక్ట్ సైట్లు మిగిలి ఉన్నాయి,[10] ఇవి ఆస్ట్రేలియా చరిత్రలో ప్రారంభ వలసరాజ్యాల కాలంలో బ్రిటిష్ నౌకాదళాలచే స్థాపించబడ్డాయి. వీటిలో పదకొండు సైట్‌లు దేశంలో అత్యుత్తమ ఉదాహరణలుగా ఎంపిక చేయబడ్డాయి.[note 1][11]
2 Australian Fossil Mammal Sites (Riversleigh / Naracoorte) Upright reconstruction of a Thylacoleo skeleton inside Naracoorte Caves, its shadow cast against the cave wall AustraliaQueensland and
South Australia,
 Australia
19°05′00″S 138°43′00″E / 19.083333°S 138.716667°E / -19.083333; 138.716667 (Australian Fossil Mammal Sites (Riversleigh / Naracoorte))		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(viii), (ix)		 10,300 (25,000) 1992 Riversleigh and Naracoorte were inscribed for their extensive fossil records, and are listed among the ten richest deposits in the world. Both are illustrative of separate, key stages in the evolution of mammals on the Australian continent. Riversleigh has provided some of the earliest mammalian records from the middle Cenozoic. The deposit at Naracoorte, Australia's largest, spans the much-more-recent Pleistocene epoch and the first migrations of humans to Australia. It contains some of the best-preserved examples of ice-age megafauna.[12]
3 Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site Black-and-white snapshot of a large atomic mushroom cloud rising from the ocean MarshallRalik Chain,
 Marshall Islands
11°36′00″N 165°22′50″E / 11.6°N 165.380556°E / 11.6; 165.380556 (Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site)		 Cultural:MarshallAap
(iv), (vi)		 0.97 (2.4) 2010 A total of 67 nuclear weapons tests were conducted here by the United States between 1946 and 1958, including the detonation of the first hydrogen bomb in 1952. The tests had significant consequences on the health of the surrounding environment and its inhabitants. The fallout from the Castle Bravo explosion in 1954 led to the most significant radiological contamination in U.S. history. The site contains many visible remains of the effects of nuclear testing.[13]
4 Budj Bim Cultural Landscape AustraliaVictoria,
 Australia
38°04′52″S 141°53′07″E / 38.0811111°S 141.8852778°E / -38.0811111; 141.8852778 (Budj Bim Cultural Landscape)		 Cultural:AustraliaBudj
(iii), (v)		 9,935 (24,550) 2019 Located on the traditional lands of the Gunditjmara people, the Budj Bim Cultural Landscape consists of three components that make up one of the world's most extensive and oldest aquaculture systems in the world. Lava flows from the nearby Budj Bim helped to provide a complex landscape of channels, weirs and dams that became the base for Gunditjmara society for six millennia. The ongoing relationship is kept alive through knowledge systems retained by oral transmission and cultural practice.[14]
5 Chief Roi Mata's Domain Covered opening to Fels Cave on Lelepa Island, where Roy Mata died in 1265 VanuatuShefa,
 Vanuatu
17°37′41″S 168°10′40″E / 17.628069°S 168.177719°E / -17.628069; 168.177719 (Chief Roi Mata's Domain)		 Cultural:VanuatuAap
(iii), (v), (vi)		 886 (2,190) 2008 Consists of three sites on the islands of Efate, Lelepa and Artok associated with Roy Mata, a 13th-century paramount chief whose social reforms have remained relevant to contemporary local society. It includes his residence in the abandoned settlement of Mangaas, the site of his death on Lelepa, and his burial site on the island of Artok.[15]
6 East Rennellమూస:† Man paddling a wooden dugout canoe on a flat lagoon surrounded by palm trees SolomonsRennell and Bellona,
 Solomon Islands
11°41′00″S 160°20′00″E / 11.683330°S 160.333330°E / -11.683330; 160.333330 (East Rennell)		 Natural:SolomonsAap
(ix)		 37,000 (91,000) 1998 Rennell Island is the world's largest raised coral atoll. It is heavily forested and hosts high levels of endemism. The southern portion of the atoll surrounds its former lagoon, Te Nggano, which is now the largest lake in the Pacific Ocean.[16]
7 Gondwana Rainforests of Australia Thick forests covering a rocky escarpment AustraliaQueensland and
New South Wales,
 Australia
28°15′S 150°03′E / 28.25°S 150.05°E / -28.25; 150.05 (Gondwana Rainforests of Australia)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(viii), (ix), (x)		 370,000 (910,000) 1986 This site was inscribed for its significance for geology and conservation. It covers a large number of protected areas in what is the most extensive area of subtropical rainforest in the world. It has an extremely high conservation value, with more than 200 rare or threatened plant and animal species.[17]
8 Great Barrier Reef A submerged outcrop covered by a variety of corals AustraliaQueensland,
 Australia
18°17′10″S 147°42′00″E / 18.286111°S 147.7°E / -18.286111; 147.7 (Great Barrier Reef)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(vii), (viii), (ix), (x)		 34,870,000 (86,200,000) 1981 The world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs. It hosts an outstanding level of marine biodiversity and is considered likely to be the richest area in the world in terms of animal diversity. It is home to approximately 400 types of coral, and forms a critical habitat for many endangered species.[18]
9 Greater Blue Mountains Area Rugged sandstone cliff face with three large pinnacles, surrounded by a forested valley AustraliaNew South Wales,
 Australia
33°42′S 150°00′E / 33.7°S 150°E / -33.7; 150 (Greater Blue Mountains Area)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(ix), (x)		 1,032,649 (2,551,730) 2000 An area of sandstone tablelands and gorges. Covered by eucalypt forest, the area was inscribed as a representation of Australia's biodiversity, with particular regard to the diversity of eucalypt species. It is composed of eight protected areas providing crucial habitats for many endangered species.[19]
10 Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Aerial photograph of volcanic rock, with black cold lava split by a bright river of red lava United StatesHawaiʻi,
 United States
19°24′03″N 155°07′25″W / 19.400833°N 155.123611°W / 19.400833; -155.123611 (Hawaii Volcanoes National Park)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(viii)		 92,934 (229,640) 1987 Located on Hawaiʻi Island, it is home to two of the world's most active volcanoes: Kilauea and Mauna Loa. As constant volcanic activity is easily observed, the area has provided scientific insight into the processes of volcanism, including the birth of the Hawaiʻian Islands.[20]
11 Heard and McDonald Islands Satellite image of a snow-covered volcanic peak, with a glacier running straight into the ocean AustraliaHeard and McDonald Islands,
 Australia
53°06′S 73°30′E / 53.1°S 73.5°E / -53.1; 73.5 (Heard and McDonald Islands)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(viii), (ix)		 37,200 (92,000) 1997 These two islands are the only two active volcanoes in the subantarctic, and were inscribed for their value to research in glaciology and geomorphic processes. Over three-quarters of Heard Island is covered by glaciers. Because of their remoteness, the ecosystem is undisturbed, with no history of significant human impact or any introduced species.[21]
12 Henderson Island Parallel view down a sandy beach backed by shrub-covered cliffs, with a large shrub in the foreground and the ocean to the right UnitedKingdomPitcairn Islands,
 United Kingdom
24°22′00″S 128°20′00″W / 24.366667°S 128.333333°W / -24.366667; -128.333333 (Henderson Island)		 Natural:UnitedKingdomAap
(vii), (x)		 3,700 (9,100) 1988 One of the most remote islands in the world, Henderson is home to an ecosystem undisturbed by human activity and hosting multiple endemic species. It was inscribed as a tremendous value to natural science, providing the opportunity to study the dynamics of an isolated ecosystem.[22]
13 Kakadu National Park Overhead view of grassy wetlands, with a river cutting through and a forested escarpment to the right AustraliaNorthern Territory,
 Australia
12°50′00″S 132°50′00″E / 12.8333°S 132.8333°E / -12.8333; 132.8333 (Kakadu National Park)		 Mixed:AustraliaAap
(i), (vi), (vii), (ix), (x)		 1,979,766 (4,892,110) 1981 Kakadu's wetlands, covering over a third of the park, are considered internationally important.[23] Several archaeological sites provide evidence of the area's habitation for more than 40,000 years. The pictographs at Ubirr, Burrunggui and Nanguluwu are internationally recognised as outstanding examples of ancient rock art, dating from over 18,000 years ago.[24]
14 K’gari (Fraser Island) A grassy hilltop overlooking a shallow sand beach, with thick forests in the background AustraliaQueensland,
 Australia
25°13′00″S 153°08′00″E / 25.216667°S 153.133333°E / -25.216667; 153.133333 (Fraser Island)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(vii), (viii), (ix)		 184,000 (450,000) 1992 Fraser Island is the world's largest sand island, composed of sand accumulated over approximately 750,000 years. It contains over 100 freshwater lakes, and dunes reaching up to 260 మీ. (850 అ.) above sea level. Due to naturally occurring mycorrhizal fungi present in the sand, it is the only place in the world where tall rainforest grows on sand.[25]
15 Kuk Early Agricultural Site Satellite image of a green valley dominated by farming and agriculture PapuaNewGuineaWestern Highlands,
 Papua New Guinea
5°47′01″S 144°19′54″E / 5.783711°S 144.331722°E / -5.783711; 144.331722 (Kuk Early Agricultural Site)		 Cultural:PapuaNewGuineaAap
(iii), (iv)		 116 (290) 2008 Archaeological surveys at Kuk Swamp have provided evidence of primitive irrigation and cultivation systems from about 9,000 years ago, making it one of the earliest sites for the development of agriculture in the world.[26]
16 Lagoons of New Caledonia: Reef Diversity and Associated Ecosystems Satellite image of the tip of a large island fringed by barrier reefs, with different hues of blue showing the immediate difference in water depth created by the reefs NewCaledoniaNew Caledonia,
 France
20°24′43″S 164°33′59″E / 20.4119°S 164.5664°E / -20.4119; 164.5664 (Lagoons of New Caledonia: Reef Diversity and Associated Ecosystems)		 Natural:NewCaledoniaAap
(vii), (ix), (x)		 1,574,300 (3,890,000) 2008 One of the three largest reef systems in the world, enclosing a lagoon area of 24,000 కి.మీ2 (9,300 చ. మై.). The density of reef structures here is the most diverse in the world. It host a great diversity of species with a high level of endemism, and is an important habitat for endangered dugongs and sea turtles.[27]
17 Levuka Historical Port Town FijiEastern Division,
 Fiji
17°41′00″S 178°50′04″E / 17.683378°S 178.834533°E / -17.683378; 178.834533 (Levuka Historical Port Town)		 Cultural:FijLev
(ii), (iv)		 70 (170) 2013

The town of Levuka, on the eastern beachfront of Ovalau, was the first site of European settlement in Fiji, becoming the British colonial capital of Fiji in 1874. The numerous and well-preserved buildings of the era, make it an excellent example of a colonial port developed during the late 19th century in the South Pacific.[28]

18 Lord Howe Island Group View overlooking a sheltered shallow bay, with a reef extending out to two bald peaks in the background AustraliaNew South Wales,
 Australia
31°33′56″S 159°05′18″E / 31.565556°S 159.088333°E / -31.565556; 159.088333 (Lord Howe Island Group)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(vii), (x)		 1,540 (3,800) 1982 This island is the eroded remains of a seven-million-year-old shield volcano, the product of eruptions that lasted for about a half-million years.[29] It is home to numerous endemic species, significant breeding colonies of seabirds, and the world's southernmost coral reef.[30]
19 Macquarie Island Large rookery of king penguins, both adult and young, on a pebbled beach, with grassy hills in background AustraliaTasmania,
 Australia
54°35′41″S 158°53′44″E / 54.594722°S 158.895556°E / -54.594722; 158.895556 (Macquarie Island)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(vii), (viii)		 540,000 (1,300,000) 1997 Lying atop a segment of the Macquarie Ridge, the island is the only place on earth where the mantle is exposed above sea level. It contains evidence of seafloor spreading. It was inscribed for its unique geological value.[31]
20 Nan Madolమూస:† The ruins of Nan Madol on the island of Pohnpei Federated States of MicronesiaPohnpei,
 Federated States of Micronesia
6°50′23″N 158°19′51″E / 6.83972222°N 158.33083333°E / 6.83972222; 158.33083333 (Nan Madol)		 Cultural:Federated States of Micronesia
(i), (iii), (iv), (vi)		 76.7 (190) 2016 Nan Madol is a series of more than 100 islets off the south-east coast of Pohnpei that were constructed with walls of basalt and coral boulders. These islets harbour the remains of stone palaces, temples, tombs and residential domains built between 1200 and 1500 CE. These ruins represent the ceremonial centre of the Saudeleur dynasty, a vibrant period in Pacific Island culture. The huge scale of the edifices, their technical sophistication and the concentration of megalithic structures bear testimony to complex social and religious practices of the island societies of the period. The site was also inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger due to threats, notably the siltation of waterways that is contributing to the unchecked growth of mangroves and undermining existing edifices.[32]
21 New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands An albatross, white with grey wings and long yellow beak, nesting amid grass NewZealandOutlying Islands,
 New Zealand
50°45′00″S 166°06′16″E / 50.75°S 166.104444°E / -50.75; 166.104444 (New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands)		 Natural:NewZealandAap
(ix), (x)		 76,458 (188,930) 1998 Comprising the Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Islands and The Snares. The islands are noted for the diversity and density of wildlife, with high levels of endemism. They are critical breeding ground for a range of species, and host huge breeding colonies of seabirds, penguins and sea lions.[33]
22 Ningaloo Coast Side-on view of a spotted whale shark in cloudy blue water AustraliaWestern Australia,
 Australia
22°33′45″S 113°48′37″E / 22.562500°S 113.810278°E / -22.562500; 113.810278 (Ningaloo Coast)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(vii), (x)		 705,015 (1,742,130) 2011 Noted for its exceptional marine biodiversity, including over 700 fish species and an abundance of endangered sea turtles. It hosts the largest known seasonal aggregations of whale sharks and is part of the annual migration routes of dolphins, dugongs, manta rays and humpback whales.[34]
23 Papahānaumokuākea Red pencil urchin submerged in shallow, glassy water, on a bed of coral United StatesHawaii,
 United States
25°21′N 170°9′W / 25.350°N 170.150°W / 25.350; -170.150 (Papahānaumokuākea)		 Mixed:
(iii), (vi) (viii), (ix), (x)		 36,207,499 (89,470,680) 2010 This chain of islands was formed as a result of hotspot volcanism. It supports almost 7,000 marine species, one quarter of which are endemic, and is critical to the survival of several endangered species. The islands are spiritually significant to many Native Hawaiians, being associated with the concept of kinship between man and nature. Two of the islands contain well-preserved heiau shrines.[35]
24 Phoenix Islands Protected Area Bed of colourful assorted corals, with view looking up to the surface scattered with fish KiribatiPhoenix Islands,
 Kiribati
3°38′59″S 172°51′27″W / 3.649722°S 172.8575°W / -3.649722; -172.8575 (Phoenix Islands Protected Area)		 Natural:KiribatiAap
(vii), (ix)		 40,825,000 (100,880,000) 2010 Encompassing the sparsely inhabited, inhospitable Phoenix Islands, this reserve protects one of the world's largest oceanic wildernesses. It covers a variety of marine habitats, and forms a major breeding ground on the migration routes of several marine and seabird species. It is considered to be of vital significance in evaluating the consequences of climate change on sea levels and the health of coral reefs.[36]
25 Purnululu National Park Large red sandstone rock formation surrounded by shrubbery and open plains AustraliaWestern Australia,
 Australia
17°30′S 128°30′E / 17.5°S 128.5°E / -17.5; 128.5 (Purnululu National Park)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(vii), (viii)		 239,723 (592,370) 2003 The Bungle Bungle Range is a Devonian plateau that has been heavily eroded into a dramatic landscape of conical sandstone towers. It is one of the largest network of sandstone karst formations in the world, parts of which are sacred to the indigenous Kija people.[37]
26 Rapa Nui National Park Row of six large stone statues with elongated heads on a grassy slope ChileIsla de Pascua,
 Chile
27°07′00″S 109°22′00″W / 27.116667°S 109.366667°W / -27.116667; -109.366667 (Rapa Nui National Park)		 Cultural:ChileAap
(i), (iii), (v)		 7,130 (17,600) 1995 Covering almost half of Easter Island, this park showcases the unique cultural landscape produced by the isolated Rapanui civilisation. Its most recognisable features are the distinctive moai statues and ceremonial shrines (ahu). It was inscribed on the list as a "remarkable cultural phenomenon".[38]
27 Rock Islands Southern Lagoon Aerial view of Jellyfish Lake PalauKoror,
 Palau
7°14′49″N 134°21′09″E / 7.246925°N 134.3525°E / 7.246925; 134.3525 (Rock Islands Southern Lagoon)		 Mixed:PalauAap
(iii), (v), (vii), (ix), (x)		 100,200 (248,000) 2012 Rock Islands Southern Lagoon covers 100,200-hectare and numbers 445 uninhabited limestone islands of volcanic origin. Many of them display unique mushroom-like shapes in turquoise lagoons surrounded by coral reefs. The site features over 385 coral species and different types of habitat. The site harbours the highest concentration of marine lakes anywhere, isolated bodies of seawater separated from the ocean by land barriers.[39]
28 Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens Large cream-coloured building with central dome and grand arched entrance, fronted by flowered gardens and a tiered fountain AustraliaVictoria,
 Australia
37°48′22″S 144°58′13″E / 37.806111°S 144.970278°E / -37.806111; 144.970278 (Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens)		 Cultural:AustraliaAap
(ii)		 26 (64) 2004 Made to host the world's fair in 1880, this is one of the world's last exhibition buildings from the 19th century, and combines several architectural styles. The adjacent gardens are an outstanding example of Victorian era landscape design.[40]
29 Shark Bay, Western Australia Scattered small black mounds growing in an area of shallows by the sea AustraliaWestern Australia,
 Australia
25°29′10″S 113°26′10″E / 25.486111°S 113.436111°E / -25.486111; 113.436111 (Shark Bay, Western Australia)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(vii), (viii), (ix), (x)		 2,197,300 (5,430,000) 1991 With the largest and richest area of seagrass meadows in the world, this site is a critical habitat for endangered dugongs,[41] hosting about 12% of the world's population.[42] Hamelin Pool contains the world's most diverse and abundant colony of living stromatolites, providing some of the earliest records of life on earth.[43]
30 Sydney Opera House Beige and white building with seven peaked rooves, sitting on a promontory surrounded by water AustraliaNew South Wales,
 Australia
33°51′24″S 151°12′55″E / 33.856667°S 151.215278°E / -33.856667; 151.215278 (Sydney Opera House)		 Cultural:AustraliaAap
(i)		 5.80 (14.3) 2007 Opened in 1973, this performing arts complex is an iconic landmark of Sydney Harbour renowned for its innovative architecture. The design is an example of the expressionist style and has had a lasting influence on architecture.[44]
31 Taputapuatea marae Weathered grey stone bust with a palm frond crown. Grey rocks with white and in between them in the background. French PolynesiaRaiatea,
 French Polynesia
16°50′29.04″S 151°22′20.56″W / 16.8414000°S 151.3723778°W / -16.8414000; -151.3723778 (Taputapuātea)		 Cultural:FrPolynesia
(iii)(iv)(vi)		 2,124 (5,250) 2017 The property includes two forested valleys, a portion of lagoon and coral reef and a strip of open ocean. At the heart of the property is the Taputapuātea marae complex, a political, ceremonial and funerary centre. Taputapuātea is an exceptional testimony to 1,000 years of mā'ohi civilization.[45]
32 Tasmanian Wilderness Scruffy, rocky ridge overlooking a hill covered in golden-coloured grass and shrubbery AustraliaTasmania,
 Australia
41°35′00″S 145°25′00″E / 41.583333°S 145.416667°E / -41.583333; 145.416667 (Tasmanian Wilderness)		 Mixed:AustraliaAap
(iii), (iv), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)		 1,407,513 (3,478,040) 1982 Covering almost 20% of Tasmania, this area constitutes one of the world's last stretches of temperate wilderness. It is dominated by the remote and inaccessible South West Wilderness area. Excavations in the area have uncovered evidence of aboriginal presence dating from at least 20,000 years ago.[46]
33 Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand Rocky mountain covered in forest, with part of a tree in the foreground infringing the view NewZealandSouth Island,
 New Zealand
45°02′10″S 167°19′11″E / 45.036028°S 167.319611°E / -45.036028; 167.319611 (Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand)		 Natural:NewZealandAap
(vii), (viii), (ix), (x)		 2,600,000 (6,400,000) 1990[note 2] A mountainous landscape of ridges and fjords shaped by thousands of years of glacial excavation. The area incorporates several national parks and is the most pristine wilderness in New Zealand. It hosts the best surviving illustration of ancient Gondwanan wildlife, much of which is rare and unique to the area.[47]
34 Tongariro National Park Frozen lake in the cradle of a snow-capped mountain with jagged rocky peaks NewZealandRuapehu,
 New Zealand
39°17′27″S 175°33′44″E / 39.290833°S 175.562222°E / -39.290833; 175.562222 (Tongariro National Park)		 Mixed:NewZealandAap
(vi), (vii), (viii)		 79,596 (196,690) 1990 Inscribed for its outstanding geological and cultural significance. It contains a diverse range of volcanic features. Many of its summits are sacred to Māori, as their traditional belief system associates the mountains with their ancient ancestors.[48]
35 Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park View of a large red sandstone monolith against a sunset sky and flanked by two silhouetted trees AustraliaNorthern Territory,
 Australia
25°20′S 131°00′E / 25.33°S 131°E / -25.33; 131 (Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park)		 Mixed:AustraliaAap
(v), (vi), (vii), (viii)		 132,566 (327,580) 1987 Inscribed for its archaeological and cultural significance, being representative of Aboriginal spiritual connection to the land. The park's two massive sandstone formations, Uluṟu and Kata Tjuṯa, are spiritually significant to the Anangu people, and form part of the tjukurpa belief system. Cave paintings found at Uluru date back tens of thousands of years.[49]
36 Wet Tropics of Queensland Dense rainforest scene, with a small pool surrounded by ferns and moss-laden rocks AustraliaQueensland,
 Australia
15°39′S 144°58′E / 15.65°S 144.97°E / -15.65; 144.97 (Wet Tropics of Queensland)		 Natural:AustraliaAap
(vii), (viii), (ix), (x)		 894,420 (2,210,200) 1988 An area of tropical rainforest spread along the Great Dividing Range. The area hosts an exceptional level of biodiversity, with at least 85 endemic species and the highest concentration of primitive taxa in the world.[50] It is also an important area for unique and endangered marsupials.[51]
37 Willandra Lakes Region Sandy ground fronting a strip of blue water on the horizon, with a piece of dead wood in foreground AustraliaNew South Wales,
 Australia
34°S 143°E / 34°S 143°E / -34; 143 (Willandra Lakes Region)		 Mixed:AustraliaAap
(iii), (viii)		 240,000 (590,000) 1981 A geological site containing fossilised remains of sand formations. It includes exceptional archaeological evidence of past human habitation from 45–60,000 years ago, including the world's oldest cremation site, the Lake Mungo remains.[52]

ప్రదేశాలు లేదా ప్రాంతాలు సూచించే పటం

[మార్చు]
Map of Pacific Ocean showing the locations of current World Heritage Sites

తాత్కాలిక జాబితా

[మార్చు]

తాత్కాలిక జాబితా అనేది ప్రపంచ వారసత్వ జాబితాలోని శాసనం కోసం ఒక దేశం పరిశీలిస్తున్న ముఖ్యమైన వారసత్వ, సహజ ప్రదేశాల జాబితా. తాత్కాలిక జాబితాను ఏ సమయంలోనైనా నవీకరించవచ్చు,అయితే జాబితాలో చేర్చడం అనేది శాసనం కోసం పరిగణించవలసిన అవసరం ఉంది. [53]

ప్రదేశం లేదా ప్రాంతం బొమ్మ స్థానం ప్రామాణికం విస్తీర్ణం
(హెక్టార్లు)

 సమర్పించిన సంవత్సరం వివరణ
అమెరికన్ సమోవా సముద్ర రక్షిత ప్రాంతాలు  American Samoa

14°21′54″S 170°45′54″W / 14.365°S 170.765°W / -14.365; -170.765 (Marine Protected Areas of American Samoa)

సహజ (vii)(ix)(x) 2017 [54]
గ్రేట్ శాండీ వరల్డ్ హెరిటేజ్ ఏరియా AustraliaQueensland,  Australia

25°39′00″S 153°00′00″E / 25.65000°S 153.00000°E / -25.65000; 153.00000 (Great Sandy World Heritage Area) 		Natural:

(vii)(viii)(ix) 		184,000 (450,000) 2010

 ఫ్రేజర్ ద్వీపం ప్రాంతానికి పొడిగింపు, ఈ పొడిగింపులో గ్రేట్ శాండీ నేషనల్ పార్క్ కూలూలా విభాగం, బ్రేక్‌సీ స్పిట్, ప్లాటిపస్ బే, గ్రేట్ శాండీ స్ట్రెయిట్/టిన్ కెన్ బే రామ్‌సర్ ప్రాంతం, వైడ్ బే మిలిటరీ రిజర్వ్‌తో సహా అనేక భాగాలు ఉంటాయి. ఈ విస్తరణ ఫ్రేజర్ ద్వీపం విలువకు దోహదపడుతుంది, అదే లక్షణాలను కూడా పంచుకుంటుంది. ఈ అదనపు సైట్‌లు ప్రపంచంలోని అత్యంత పురాతనమైన తీరప్రాంత దిబ్బల ఏర్పాటుకు పెద్ద కథనాన్ని అందించడంలో సహాయపడతాయి.[55]
ఆస్ట్రేలియా వరల్డ్ హెరిటేజ్ ఏరియాలోని గోండ్వానా రెయిన్‌ఫారెస్ట్‌లు (ఇప్పటికే ఉన్న ఆస్తికి పొడిగింపు) AustraliaNew South Wales/Queensland,  Australia

30°04′15″S 152°18′08″E / 30.07083°S 152.30222°E / -30.07083; 152.30222 (Gondwana Rainforests of Australia) 		Natural:

(viii)(ix)(x) 		268,678 (663,920) 2010

 ఇప్పటికే ఉన్న ప్రాంతానికి మరో పొడిగింపు.[56]
మురుజుగా సాంస్కృతిక ప్రకృతి దృశ్యం Western Australia,  Australia

20°33′06″S 116°50′09″E / 20.551718°S 116.835825°E / -20.551718; 116.835825 (Murujuga Cultural Landscape)

Cultural (i)(iii) 30,000 (74,000) 2020 [57]
ఫ్లిండర్స్ శ్రేణులు South Australia,  Australia

20°33′06″S 116°50′09″E / 20.551718°S 116.835825°E / -20.551718; 116.835825 (Flinders Ranges)

Natural (viii) 2021 [58]
యాపీస్

డిస్క్ మనీ ప్రాంతీయ సైట్లు

Yap State,  Federated States of Micronesia

9°32′00″N 138°07′00″E / 9.533333°N 138.116667°E / 9.533333; 138.116667 (Yapese Disk Money Regional Sites)

Cultural (i)(ii)(iii)(iv) 2004 [59]
సోవి బేసిన్ Eastern Division,  Fiji

17°59′01″S 178°10′56″E / 17.983611°S 178.182222°E / -17.983611; 178.182222 (Sovi Basin)

Cultural (iii)(iv)(v) 1999 [60]
సిగటోకా ఇసుక దిబ్బలు Western Division,  Fiji

20°33′06″S 116°50′09″E / 20.551718°S 116.835825°E / -20.551718; 116.835825 (Sigatoka Sand Dunes)

Cultural (iii)(iv)(v) 1999 [61]
యదుటాబా క్రెస్టెడ్ ఇగువానా అభయారణ్యం Northern Division,  Fiji

16°50′00″S 178°16′45″E / 16.833333°S 178.279167°E / -16.833333; 178.279167 (Yaduataba)

Natural (x) 1999 [62]
మార్క్వెసాస్ దీవులు Marquesas Islands,  French Polynesia

9°27′00″S 139°23′00″W / 9.45°S 139.383333°W / -9.45; -139.383333 (Marquesas Islands)

Mixed 2010 [63]
ఉత్తర మార్షల్ దీవులు అటోల్స్ Ralik Chain,  Marshall Islands

8°N 167°E / 8°N 167°E / 8; 167 (Northern Marshall Islands Atolls)

Mixed 2005 [64]
లికీప్ గ్రామం చారిత్రక జిల్లా Ratak Chain,  Marshall Islands

9°54′00″N 169°08′00″E / 9.9°N 169.133333°E / 9.9; 169.133333 (Likiep Village Historic District)

Cultural (ii)(iv) 2005 [65]
మిలి అటోల్ నేచర్ కన్సర్వెన్సీ (నాడ్రిక్డ్రిక్) Ratak Chain,  Marshall Islands

6°08′00″N 171°55′00″E / 6.133333°N 171.916667°E / 6.133333; 171.916667 (Mili Atoll Nature Conservancy (and Nadrikdrik))

Natural 2005 [66]
ఆక్లాండ్ అగ్నిపర్వత క్షేత్రాలు North Island,  New Zealand

36°52′37″S 174°45′50″E / 36.877°S 174.764°E / -36.877; 174.764 (Auckland volcanic fields)

Mixed (ii)(iii)(iv)(v)(viii) 2007 [67]
కహురంగి నేషనల్ పార్క్, ఫేర్‌వెల్ స్పిట్ కెనాన్ కార్స్ట్ సిస్టమ్ South Island,  New Zealand

41°15′00″S 172°07′00″E / 41.25°S 172.116667°E / -41.25; 172.116667 (Kahurangi National Park, Farewell Spit and Canaan karst system)

Natural (vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2007 [68]
కెరికేరి బేసిన్ చారిత్రక ఆవరణ North Island,  New Zealand

35°13′00″S 173°58′00″E / 35.216667°S 173.966667°E / -35.216667; 173.966667 (Kerikeri Basin historic precinct)

Cultural (ii)(iii)(iv)(v)(vi) 2007 [69]
కెర్మాడెక్ దీవులు, మెరైన్ రిజర్వ్ North Island,  New Zealand

29°16′37″S 177°55′24″W / 29.276944°S 177.923333°W / -29.276944; -177.923333 (Kermadec Islands and Marine reserve)

Natural (vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2007 [70]
నేపియర్ ఆర్ట్ డెకో చారిత్రక ఆవరణ North Island,  New Zealand

39°29′25″S 176°55′04″E / 39.490278°S 176.917778°E / -39.490278; 176.917778 (Napier Art Deco historic precinct)

Cultural (ii)(iv)(vi) 2007 [71]
వైతాంగి ట్రీటీ గ్రౌండ్స్ చారిత్రాత్మక ఆవరణ North Island,  New Zealand

35°15′58″S 174°04′48″E / 35.266111°S 174.08°E / -35.266111; 174.08 (Waitangi Treaty Grounds historic precinct)

Cultural (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) 2007 [72]
ఫియోర్డ్‌ల్యాండ్ జలాలు, సముద్రగర్భం (టె మోనా ఓ అటవేనువా) South Island,  New Zealand

44°44′S 167°34′E / 44.73°S 167.57°E / -44.73; 167.57 (Waters and seabed of Fiordland (Te Moana O Atawhenua))

Natural (vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2007 [73]
వాకరువా మౌటెరే (నార్త్ ఈస్ట్ దీవులు) North Island,  New Zealand

34°09′14″S 172°08′24″E / 34.153889°S 172.14°E / -34.153889; 172.14 (Whakarua Moutere (North East Islands))

Natural (vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2007 [74]
మరియానాస్ ట్రెంచ్ మెరైన్ నేషనల్ మాన్యుమెంట్  Northern Mariana Islands

18°N 148°E / 18°N 148°E / 18; 148 (Marianas Trench Marine National Monument)

Natural (viii)(ix)(x) 2017 [75]
ఇమియోంగ్ పరిరక్షణ ప్రాంతం Babeldaob,  Palau

7°31′39″N 134°31′32″E / 7.5275°N 134.525556°E / 7.5275; 134.525556 (Imeong Conservation Area)

Mixed 2004 [76]
ఓబల్లాంగ్ రా న్గెబెడెచ్ (ఎన్గెబెడెచ్ టెర్రస్) Babeldaob,  Palau

7°26′13″N 134°29′34″E / 7.437056°N 134.492667°E / 7.437056; 134.492667 (Ouballang ra Ngebedech (Ngebedech Terraces))

Cultural (ii)(iii)(v) 2004 [77]
టెట్ ఎల్ బాడ్ స్టోన్ శవపేటిక Ngarchelong,  Palau

7°43′10″N 134°36′48″E / 7.719389°N 134.613444°E / 7.719389; 134.613444 (Tet el Bad (Stone Coffin))

Cultural (i) 2004 [78]
యాపీస్ క్వారీ సైట్లు Airai,  Palau

7°21′01″N 134°33′54″E / 7.350306°N 134.564944°E / 7.350306; 134.564944 (Yapease Quarry Sites)

Cultural (i)(ii)(iii) 2004 [79]
హుయాన్ టెర్రస్ - గతానికి మెట్ల మార్గం Morone,  Papua New Guinea

6°24′S 147°30′E / 6.4°S 147.5°E / -6.4; 147.5 (Huon Terraces - Stairway to the Past)

Mixed (iii)(v)(vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2006 [80]
కికోరి రివర్ బేసిన్ - గ్రేట్ పాపువాన్ పీఠభూమి Gulf, Southern Highlands, Western Highlands,  Papua New Guinea

7°39′00″S 144°17′00″E / 7.65°S 144.283333°E / -7.65; 144.283333 (Kikori River Basin / Great Papuan Plateau)

Mixed (iii)(iv)(v)(vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2006 [81]
కొకోడా ట్రాక్, ఓవెన్ స్టాన్లీ శ్రేణులు Central, Southern Highlands,  Papua New Guinea

9°23′S 148°24′E / 9.38°S 148.4°E / -9.38; 148.4 (Kokoda Track and Owen Stanley Ranges)

Mixed (iii)(v)(vi)(vii)(x) 2006 [82]
మిల్నే బే సీస్కేప్ (పసిఫిక్ జ్యువెల్స్ ఆఫ్ మెరైన్ బయోడైవర్సిటీ) Milne Bay,  Papua New Guinea

10°22′00″S 150°30′00″E / 10.366667°S 150.5°E / -10.366667; 150.5 (Milne Bay Seascape (Pacific Jewels of Marine Biodiversity))

Mixed (iii)(v)(vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2006 [83]
పాపువా న్యూ గినియా అద్భుతమైన కార్స్ట్స్ East New Britain,Southern Highlands,Western,  Papua New Guinea

6°36′13″S 142°35′16″E / 6.603611°S 142.5879°E / -6.603611; 142.5879 (The Sublime Karsts of Papua New Guinea)

Mixed (v)(vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2006 [84]
ట్రాన్స్-ఫ్లై కాంప్లెక్స్ Western,  Papua New Guinea

8°54′S 141°00′E / 8.9°S 141°E / -8.9; 141 (Trans-Fly Complex)

Mixed (v)(vi)(x) 2006 [85]
ఎగువ సెపిక్ రివర్ బేసిన్ East Sepik, West Sepik,  Papua New Guinea

5°13′00″S 141°49′00″E / 5.216667°S 141.816667°E / -5.216667; 141.816667 (Upper Sepik River Basin)

Mixed (i)(iii)(iv)(v)(vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2006 [86]
ఫాగలోవా బే - ఉఫాటో టియావియా కన్జర్వేషన్ జోన్ Va'a-o-Fonoti,  Samoa

13°55′37″S 171°32′26″W / 13.926864°S 171.540444°W / -13.926864; -171.540444 (Fagaloa Bay – Uafato Tiavea Conservation Zone)

Mixed (v)(vii)(x) 2006 [87]
మనోనో, అపోలిమా, నులోపా కల్చరల్ ల్యాండ్‌స్కేప్ Aiga-i-le-Tai,  Samoa

13°45′00″S 172°05′00″W / 13.75°S 172.083333°W / -13.75; -172.083333 (Manono, Apolima and Nuulopa Cultural Landscape)

Cultural (iii)(v) 2006 [88]
మారోవో - టెటెపేర్ కాంప్లెక్స్ Western,  Solomon Islands

8°29′S 158°04′E / 8.48°S 158.07°E / -8.48; 158.07 (Marovo - Tetepare Complex)

Mixed (iii)(v)(vi)(vii)(viii)(ix)(x) 2008 [89]
సోలమన్ దీవుల ఉష్ణమండల రెయిన్‌ఫారెస్ట్ హెరిటేజ్ Choiseul, Guadalcanal, Makira-Ulawa, Western,  Solomon Islands

7°08′00″S 156°57′00″E / 7.133333°S 156.95°E / -7.133333; 156.95 (Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Solomon Islands)

Natural (vii)(ix)(x) 2008 [90]


లాపిటా కుండల పురావస్తు ప్రదేశాలు Haʻapai, Niuatoputapu, Tongatapu, Vavaʻu,  Tonga

20°S 175°W / 20°S 175°W / -20; -175 (Lapita Pottery Archaeological Sites (A National Serial Site for consideration as the Kingdom of Tonga’s contribution to a transnational serial site listing))

Cultural (iii)(iv) 2007 [91]
టోంగా రాజ్యం పురాతన రాజధానులు Tongatapu,  Tonga

21°12′41″S 175°09′11″W / 21.21138°S 175.153056°W / -21.21138; -175.153056 (The Ancient Capitals of the Kingdom of Tonga)

Cultural (iii)(iv) 2007 [92]
పసిఫిక్ రిమోట్ ఐలాండ్స్ మెరైన్ నేషనల్ మాన్యుమెంట్ Baker Island, Howland Island,Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, Wake Island, United States Minor Outlying Islands

5°53′00″N 162°05′00″W / 5.883333°N 162.083333°W / 5.883333; -162.083333 (Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument)

Natural (vii)(viii)(x) 2017 [93]
లేటాస్ సరస్సు Torba,  Vanuatu

14°17′00″S 167°32′00″E / 14.283333°S 167.533333°E / -14.283333; 167.533333 (Lake Letas)

Natural (vii)(ix)(x) 2004 [94]
ఉరేపరపరా నౌవన్, వోట్వోస్ Torba,  Vanuatu

13°32′00″S 167°20′00″E / 13.533333°S 167.333333°E / -13.533333; 167.333333 (The Nowon and Votwos of Ureparapara)

Cultural (iii)(iv)(v) 2005 [95]
అధ్యక్షుడు కూలిడ్జ్ Sanma,  Vanuatu

15°25′00″S 166°54′00″E / 15.416667°S 166.9°E / -15.416667; 166.9 (The President Coolidge)

Cultural (i)(iii)(iv)(v) 2004 [96]
వత్తే పరిరక్షణ ప్రాంతం Sanma,  Vanuatu

15°25′00″S 166°54′00″E / 15.416667°S 166.9°E / -15.416667; 166.9 (Vatthe Conservation Area)

Natural (vii)(ix)(x) 2004 [97]
యాలో, అపియాలో వాయువ్య మలాకుల పవిత్ర భౌగోళికం Malampa,  Vanuatu

16°15′S 167°30′E / 16.25°S 167.5°E / -16.25; 167.5 (Yalo, Apialo and the sacred geography of Northwest Malakula)

Cultural (iii) 2004 [98]

మూలాలు

[మార్చు]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 World Heritage Committee. "The Criteria for Selection". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
  2. ↑ Young, Emma (29 August 2011). "World Heritage sites of Australia". Australian Geographic. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
  3. ↑ Staff writers (2010). "Marine Paradise Named Largest World Heritage Site". ABC News. ABC News Internet Ventures. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
  4. ↑ Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. "Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area". Government of Australia. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 World Heritage Committee. "World Heritage List Nominations". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
  6. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "World Heritage in Danger". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
  7. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "World Heritage Committee inscribes East Rennell on the List of World Heritage in Danger". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2013-08-13.
  8. ↑ "Number of World Heritage Properties by region". UNESCO. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  9. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "The List in Danger". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
  10. ↑ Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (January 2008), World Heritage Nomination: Australian convict sites, Government of Australia, ISBN 978-0-642-55390-4{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Australian Convict Sites". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  12. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Australian Fossil Mammal Sites (Riversleigh / Naracoorte)". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  13. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  14. ↑ "Budj Bim Cultural Landscape". UNESCO. Retrieved 2019-07-11.
  15. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Chief Roi Mata's Domain". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  16. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "East Rennell". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  17. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Gondwana Rainforests of Australia". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  18. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Great Barrier Reef". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  19. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Greater Blue Mountains Area". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  20. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Hawaii Volcanoes National Park". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Archived from the original on 2017-02-24. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  21. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Heard and McDonald Islands". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  22. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Henderson Island". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  23. ↑ Government of Australia. "Convention on wetlands of international importance". Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
  24. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Kakadu National Park". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  25. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Fraser Island". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  26. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Kuk Early Agricultural Site". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  27. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Lagoons of New Caledonia". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  28. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Levuka Historical Port Town". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2013-08-04.
  29. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Lord Howe Island Group". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  30. ↑ Hutton, Ian (1986). Lord Howe Island: Discovering Australia's World Heritage. Canberra: Conservation Press. pp. 5–6. ISBN 978-0-908198-40-5.
  31. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Macquarie Island". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  32. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Nan Madol: Ceremonial Centre of Eastern Micronesia". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2017-11-20.
  33. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  34. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Ningaloo Coast". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  35. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Papahānaumokuākea". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  36. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Phoenix Islands Protected Area". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  37. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Purnululu National Park". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  38. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Rapa Nui National Park". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  39. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Rock Islands Southern Lagoon". Retrieved 2012-07-04.
  40. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  41. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Shark Bay, Western Australia". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  42. ↑ Riley, Laura and William (2005). Nature's Strongholds: The World's Great Wildlife Reserves. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 595–596. ISBN 978-0-691-12219-9. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  43. ↑ Government of Australia (3 September 2008). "Shark Bay, Western Australia". Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
  44. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Sydney Opera House". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  45. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Taputapuātea". UNESCO. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  46. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Tasmanian Wilderness". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 World Heritage Committee. "Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  48. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Tongariro National Park". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  49. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  50. ↑ Reid, Greg (2004). Australia's National and Marine Parks: Queensland. South Yarra, Victoria: Macmillan Education Australia. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-7329-9053-4.
  51. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Wet Tropics of Queensland". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  52. ↑ World Heritage Committee. "Willandra Lakes Region". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
  53. ↑ Glossary, UNESCO, retrieved 2010-01-01
  54. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Marine Protected Areas of American Samoa". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  55. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Great Sandy World Heritage Area". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-11-07.
  56. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Gondwana Rainforests of Australia World Heritage Area (extension to existing property)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-11-07.
  57. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Murujuga Cultural Landscape". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-11-07.
  58. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Flinders Ranges". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-11-07.
  59. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Yapese Disk Money Regional Sites". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  60. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Sovi Basin". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
  61. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Sigatoka Sand Dunes". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  62. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Yaduataba Crested Iguana Sanctuary". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  63. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Marquesas Islands". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
  64. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Northern Marshall Islands Atolls". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  65. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Likiep Village Historic District". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  66. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Mili Atoll Nature Conservancy (and Nadrikdrik)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  67. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Auckland Volcanic Fields". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  68. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Kahurangi National Park, Farewell Spit and Canaan karst system". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  69. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Kerikeri Basin historic precinct". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  70. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Kermadec Islands and Marine reserve". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  71. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Napier Art Deco historic precinct". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  72. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Waitangi Treaty Grounds historic precinct". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  73. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Waters and seabed of Fiordland (Te Moana O Atawhenua)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  74. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Whakarua Moutere (North East Islands)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  75. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Marianas Trench Marine National Monument". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  76. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Imeong Conservation Area". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  77. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Ouballang ra Ngebedech (Ngebedech Terraces)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  78. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Tet el Bad (Stone Coffin)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  79. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Yapease Quarry Sites". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  80. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Huon Terraces - Stairway to the Past". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  81. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Kikori River Basin / Great Papuan Plateau". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  82. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Kokoda Track and Owen Stanley Ranges". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  83. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Milne Bay Seascape (Pacific Jewels of Marine Biodiversity)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  84. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Sublime Karsts of Papua New Guinea". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  85. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Trans-Fly Complex". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  86. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Upper Sepik River Basin". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  87. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Fagaloa Bay – Uafato Tiavea Conservation Zone". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  88. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Manono, Apolima and Nuulopa Cultural Landscape". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  89. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Marovo - Tetepare Complex". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  90. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Solomon Islands". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  91. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Lapita Pottery Archaeological Sites (A National Serial Site for consideration as the Kingdom of Tonga's contribution to a transnational serial site listing)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  92. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Ancient Capitals of the Kingdom of Tonga". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  93. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  94. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Lake Letas". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  95. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Nowon and Votwos of Ureparapara". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  96. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The President Coolidge". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  97. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Vatthe Conservation Area". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  98. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Yalo, Apialo and the sacred geography of Northwest Malakula". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in ఇంగ్లీష్). Retrieved 2021-04-02.

వెలుపలి లంకెలు

[మార్చు]


ఉల్లేఖన లోపం: "note" అనే గ్రూపులో <ref> ట్యాగులు ఉన్నాయి గానీ, దానికి సంబంధించిన <references group="note"/> ట్యాగు కనబడలేదు

"https://te.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ఓషియానియాలోని_ప్రపంచ_వారసత్వ_ప్రదేశాల_జాబితా&oldid=4077816" నుండి వెలికితీశారు